Absolutism- A political theory that absolute power should be vested in one or more rulers.
Ad Hominem- Appealing to feelings or prejudices rather than intellect.
Ahimsa- The Hindu and Buddhist doctrine of refraining from harming any living being
Anthropocentric- Considering human beings as the most significant entity of the universe.
Bioethics- A discipline dealing with the ethical implications of biological research and applications especially in medicine.
Deep Ecology- A movement ot a body of concepts that considers human no more important than other species and that advocates a corresponding radical readjustment of the relationships between humans and nature.
Determinism- A doctrine that acts of the will, natural, events, or social changes are determined by preceding causes.(Britannica Academic)
Deontology- The theory or study of moral obligation.
Eudaemonism- A theory that the highest ethical goals is happiness and personal well-being.
Ethics- The discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation.
Falsity- The quality or state of being false.
Fatalism- A doctrine that events are fixed in advanced so that human beings are powerless to change them.
Freedom- The state of being free from the control or power of another.
Fundamentalism- A movement or attitude stressing strict and literal adherence to a set of basic principles. (Britannica Academic)
Immoral- Conflicting with generally or traditionally held moral principles.
Indeterminism- A theory that the will is free and that deliberate choice and actions are not determined by or predicable from antecedent causes.
Metaethics- The study of the meanings of ethical terms, the nature of ethical judgments, and the types of ethical arguments.
Morality- A literary or other imaginative work teaching a moral lesson.
Natural Law- A body of law or a specific principle held to be derived from nature and binding upon human society in the absence of or in addition to positive law.
Nepotism- Favoritism (as in appointment for a job) based on kinship.
Philosophy- A search for general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather than observational means.
Positive Law- Law established or recognized by governmental authority.
Predestination- The belief that everything that will happen has already been decided by God or gate and cannot be changed.
Proposition- An expression in language or signs of something that can be believed, doubted or denied or is either true or false.
Relativism- A view that ethical truths depend on the individuals and groups holding them.
Social Darwinism- A sociological theory that socio-cultural advance is the product of intergroup conflict and competition and hte socially elite classes posses biological superiority in the struggle for existence.
Supererogatory- Observed or performed to an extent no enjoined or required.
Teleology- A doctrine that attributes a purpose to nature or the explains natural phenomena as directed toward a goal.
Truth- Sincerity in action, character, and utterance.
Utilitarianism- A doctrine that the useful is hte good and that the determining consideration of right conduct should be the usefulness of its consequences.
Vice- Moral depravity or corruption.
Virtue- A particular moral excellence.
(All definitions came from Merriam-Webster, unless other wise noted)